Foundation of Management Organizational Productivity

Question: Examine about theFoundation of Managementfor Organizational Productivity. Answer: Presentation Hierarchical efficiency fluctuates because of various authoritative societies and distinctive hierarchical arrangements. Additionally, activities of an association are constantly exposed to the conditions of the outside condition. Thinking about this specific situation, it is to state that administration of any business association couldn't rehearse one individual arrangement or framework for quite a while. The board tasks ought to be changed or adjusted because of various inward and outer conditions. The accompanying paper is expecting to build a basic contention for understanding whether there is just one most ideal path for the board or not. To achieve this individual reason, the task therefore is wanting to help the explanation that says that there is just a single individual route for dealing with the workforce and at a similar will negate it with pertinent ideas. The article has chosen to assess the good side of the announcement by talking about large scale manufacturing, norma lization if items and the part of effectiveness. Then again, as far as dissatisfaction, the paper will show the wastefulness of the announcement by investigating various sorts of creation methods, specialized frameworks, authoritative objectives, and kinds of worker also, the recurrence of vulnerability in business. In Favor Large scale manufacturing It very well may be viewed as that there is just a single steady route for the board in the event that one glances at hierarchical wants to get large scale manufacturing. In this regard, it is to indicate with most extreme need that creation of an unmistakable item on a massive measure of normalized items in an effective manner. It is to respect as in the whole thought of mass correspondence has been gotten from the hour of modern advancement when the organization proprietors understood the centrality of enormous scope creation alongside the significance of having an adept authoritative administration. Following the hypothetical idea of logical administration, large scale manufacturing can be practiced through the productive contribution of the works (Marsh 2012). In this way, it is characteristic of the way that to gain large scale manufacturing, there is only single direction to oversee and accomplish, which is dynamic and powerful work commitment. Nonetheless, it would be totally off-base to see the way that works are accountable for creation activity as they have the sole obligation to accommodate the assignments, which are resolved logically. Normalized Products The idea of item normalization is entwined with large scale manufacturing as the expression item normalization alludes to the way toward homogenizing the things, which are attractive to the vast majority of the clients and mix them into one. The essential point is in this manner to diminish the purchasing decisions of the client and concentrated on to one specific item that conveys close pretty much all the attractive highlights. Consequently, it is justifiable that a definitive point of the way toward normalizing item is to procure client consideration and gain large scale manufacturing (Baud-Lavigne et al. 2012). Accordingly, it is additionally probable that the way toward normalizing item could be practiced distinctly through work productivity. Here, it is required to support that work effectiveness is driven by normalization of each working condition inside an association (Smith 2012). It is important to remember in this feeling normalized working condition is reasonable through the standards begat by Taylor in his idea with respect to logical administration. As per the idea, logical determination, participation among administrators and works and equivalent division of work are probably the most huge standards those can just normalize work. Therefore, it very well may be said that the main path for normalizing items is to normalize work conditions. Productivity is Paramount As large scale manufacturing and normalization of an item are conceivable through productive work input, thusly it very well may be seen that also like these, two referenced perspectives, work effectiveness can be passed through just a single way. The idea that says that effectiveness is the fundamental of accomplishment is suitably pertinent for authoritative efficiency. As per Winslaw Taylor, the facts confirm that there is just a single particular path for having large scale manufacturing with normalized item, which is to adequately examine and ad lib one errand before dispensing it to the work (El-Haber 2016). All the more explicitly, in Taylors words, the main most ideal approach to expand effectiveness as far as undertakings, which is the logical administration as it delete possibility of vulnerability and evacuates each potential factors (El-Haber 2016). Variable perspectives in this sense are alluded to various worker conduct and diverse standard strategy, which at long last end up in making unstandardized working society. Thusly, it very well may be comprehended that the in one hand, large scale manufacturing, normalized items and proficiency for progress are interrelated, on the other it could be seen that every one of these features can be just drawn effectively through one most ideal way, which is the logical way. Not in Favor Sorts of Production Procedures Despite what might be expected, to the positive perspectives and contention introduced in the above segment for the speculative explanation, it is to opine that the reason of business association in present situation is inclined to adaptability. As it were, it might be said that an association can run effective just when it wins the normal capacity to adjust. Hence, adaptability has now become the way to progress (Bonaim et al. 2013). Subsequently, it's anything but a pleasing reality that association ought to stick to just a single conceivable way. For example, it ought to be remembered that adaptability is required because of various types of creation system. According to the outlook of Cognitive hypothesis, business endeavors are one of a kind as far as creation as each association regardless of their creation type, faces extraordinary difficulties from the outside and interior situations (El-Haber 2016). Then again, creation methodology adjust because of various authoritative objectives. Hence creation has stretched out from being exclusively mass gainful to lean. In spite of large scale manufacturing, which opens up entryway for widespread wastages, lean creation is set up to evacuate the negative side of large scale manufacturing. The endeavor to extemporize the current creation process is considered as one of the most advantageous approach to make the executives and work progressively proficient (Yang et al. 2015). In this way, it is to see that there is absolutely no single path for the executives. Specialized System It is to mean in this reason when there are various types of creation methods, there ought to be various sorts of specialized frameworks. As indicated by Burton et al. (2015), in a period where modern development is progressing with wild specialized disclosures, staple specialized edge for business tasks and creation couldn't be worthy. Then again, in light of the hypothetical point of view of possibility, achievement of the board relies upon the administrations capacity to change its activities as indicated by shifted circumstances. An association will undoubtedly change or alter its current specialized framework for executing new techniques for worker preparing, which important to expand the representatives limit with regards to inventiveness (Hayes 2014). For example, when an organization required changing over its creation style from mass to lean creation, it surely needs to embrace the idea of adaptable hardware, which as opposed to being committed and incorporated with a solita ry errand can be reinvented with various strategies of business. Ideal Structure of Organizations This specific expression alludes to the intensity of befitting into the unmistakable needs and objectives of an association. It is respect in this setting a fruitful association structure could be practiced just when the structure would fit into the present needs and circumstance of the association. According to Bschgens et al. (2013), adaptability is likely the main steady part of business associations in the current occasions. Here once more, it is to state that an association couldn't remain careless about the noteworthiness of using the idea of adaptability. In this manner, advancement of a business culture and all the more explicitly the structure could be passed through acknowledgment of fast change in both inward and outside condition. For instance, when an association experiences downturn which is an outer situation, it basically requires rolling out gigantic improvements in the creation, promoting, money and worker the board arrangements as far as authoritative change. In a circumstance of downturn or in crucial inside emergency like worker rebellion and specialized disappointment couldn't be made do with a customary and staple method of the executives. Advancement of a business in such a circumstance could be procured by changing the current arrangements (Burton et al. 2015). In particular, improvement to this degree is material for both mass and lean creation. Kind of Goals As expressed by De Spiegelaere et al. (2012), streamlining or achievement of business is trustworthy upon authoritative objectives or mission. The creation style for this situation matters unequivocally as authoritative point is on a very basic level related with creation and income rather than productive brand picture and brand dedication. It is to write down in this regard hierarchical objectives are inclined to variance according to the modifying property of the objective market. Simple kinds of authoritative objectives are long terms objectives and momentary objectives. An association for the most part changes its well established long haul objectives when the venture understands that their staple client bunch has changed or the organization itself is running in misfortune. Operational techniques taken in time of having long terms objectives would not be befitted during the time spent achieving short terms objectives. In th

To write a critique or critical review of a scientific paper. Does Article

To compose a study or basic survey of a logical paper. Does harassing cause passionate issues A forthcoming investigation of youthful adolescents - Article Example One investigation concentrated on tormenting consequences for pre-pubescent youngsters with the outcome being dejection, melancholy, and school maladjustment. Another examination looked into was a little equal investigation on tormenting on teenagers. The discoveries anticipated poor physical wellbeing for young men, poor emotional well-being for young ladies and beginning stage despondency for both. Both refered to audits were from essential sources and appear to be pertinent to the investigation issue. Be that as it may, the scientists don't give a basic examination of the consequences of the refered to surveys. The exploration was directed through the assortment and examination of overview information from an example size of more than 2,000 young understudies gathered twice over a time of two years (Bond, Carlin, Thomas, Rubin and Patton, 480). The investigation was embraced in schools around Victoria, Australia with an example size of 2680 auxiliary school understudies. The example was chosen from an enormous populace of understudies from more than 12 school regions in country and metropolitan Victoria. Support in the examination was deliberate for understudies; requiring composed parental assent before association in the exploration. The analysts additionally looked for the endorsement of training and wellbeing partners. They incorporated The Royal Childrens Hospital, the morals, and human research board of trustees, the Catholic Education Office and the Victorian Department of Education and Training (Bond et al.,481). The analysts unmistakably portray the strategy for test choice. In metropolitan Melbourne, likelihood techniques were utilized to designate arbitrarily all taking an interest schools to control or mediation status. At that point irregular inspecting techniques were utilized by the analysts to choose 12 schools from the â€Å"intervention† status and 12 schools from the â€Å"control† status. In Rural Victoria, six schools were arbitrarily chosen from two provincial regions. The absolute number of schools in Victoria that consented to take an interest was twenty-six. Twelve of those schools were appointed

How to Develop a Leadership Philosophy that Inspires

How to Develop a Leadership Philosophy that Inspires Think about the most successful leaders in the world, past and present. If you were to compare them with inefficient leaders, the difference wouldn’t necessarily come from their skills. The more important factor would be how the successful leaders would be able to provide you with a clear and defined approach to how they lead other people: their leadership philosophy.In this guide, we’ll define what leadership philosophy is and the benefits of having one. We’ll explore the idea of publishing your statement and provide you the four steps required for creating a leadership philosophy to guide your leadership. WHAT IS A LEADERSHIP PHILOSOPHY?The combination of leadership and philosophy might sound rather odd. On the face of it, the terms don’t seem to have much in common. So, what does leadership philosophy mean? To understand it, it’s a good idea to first examine the two words separately, as it’ll allow you to understand how they can fit together to provide you with guidance in leadership.The definition of philosophyWhen you think about philosophy, you’ll probably first think about some of the greatest thinkers of our time, such as Voltaire, Plato and Descartes. Furthermore, you probably haven’t thought about using philosophy in your everyday life and the concepts and ideas might sound a little bit difficult to comprehend. But as one the oldest disciplines in the world, philosophy has plenty to offer and it’s part of our everyday experience whether we consciously think about it.The word philosophy literally translates to “the love of wisdom”. The Oxford Dictionary defines philosophy as, “a theory or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behavior”. Indeed, the guiding idea of philosophy is to live a good life. It’s about striving for expertise and personal as well as collective fulfillment. Philosophy could be seen as the personal foundation or belief in human nature; for working to live your life to the fullest. Through philosophy, you create a system of thought to support your journey and obtain the guiding principles to use for action or non-action.Watch the intriguing video by the School of Life to understand why philosophy matters to all of us. The definition of leadershipWhat about leadership’s definition? Just like field of philosophy with its multiple thinkers and theories, leadership has a number of definitions. According to the Oxford Dictionary, the essence of leadership is “the action of leading a group of people or an organisation, or the ability to do this”. But as mentioned, the definitions have evolved out of this t echnical view, with different people viewing the topic through a slightly different viewpoint.At its core, leadership is about the ability to influence other people and to create a movement towards a specific objective. Having a vision to which the team moves forward to is crucial. Furthermore, the emphasis is on inspiration because leadership is not the same as bossing someone around to do what you want. A leader inspires through his or her vision and motivates by leading by example rather than telling and intimidating a desired action.The components of a leadership philosophyThe above definitions might already help you understand the connection between leadership and philosophy. When you combine philosophy, the guiding principles, and leadership, which is the model behavior for inspiring others, you create a theory or an attitude, which provides the norms for behavior and action. The definition is brought to life with four key components, which are:A theory â€" The way you define leadership and what’s it about.An attitude â€" Your mindset in regards of approaching leadership.Guiding principles â€" The principles and values you hold dear when you are thinking about leading others.Behavior â€" The behaviors you showcase in your journey to reach the desired results and outcomes.You could view leadership philosophy as a compass â€" it helps define your expectations, your values and provide the roadmap for actions. With a clear leadership philosophy, you create a focused thought system surrounding your leadership, and you define the behaviors and attitudes you want to cultivate in yourself, but also in others. Leadership doesn’t just provide focus for you personally, but it can allow the people around you to know what to expect from your leadership.Examples of leadership philosophiesJust as there are differences in what philosophers think and divergence in how leadership is defined, leadership philosophies also come in a number of different flavors and styles . Since the framework is based on personal values, leaders can approach it from different angles. There are plenty of options to choose from, but we’ve selected three unique frameworks to provide you an idea of the divergence.Laissez faire leadership philosophyDemocratic leadership philosophyAutocratic leadership philosophyLeader believes followers should have the power to make decisions.Leader believes in empowering followers through increased responsibilities.The framework is effective when followers are knowledgeable.Leader believes that everyone should have equal say within the team.Leader values participation, consultation and consideration.Leader emphasizes co-operation and support.Leader believes results are best achieved in a controlled system.Leader has clear vision, including how and when things should be done.Leader is accountable for the decision-making.You can use these generalized models as guidance for defining your own leadership philosophy. Nonetheless, you should n’t try to copy a specific leadership philosophy. While learning about other philosophies can be a solid way to identify useful qualities, you need to adopt an approach that comes from your heart. Later on in the guide, we’ll provide you with a systematic guide to drawing your unique leadership philosophy.WHY SHOULD YOU HAVE A LEADERSHIP PHILOSOPHY?Leadership philosophy has a foundational element to it. The different components included create a strong basis on which to build on and take your leadership forward. You are better-equipped to lead and to succeed in your leadership with a leadership philosophy due to three core benefits: character, consistency and collaboration.CharacterDrafting a leadership philosophy will provide clarity and focus in your character. Character matters because it influences your everyday decision-making and communication with other people. Without a proper understanding of your character and the traits you truly value, you are more likely to fall int o bad habits and to let emotions control you.By making a conscious decision with the help of a leadership philosophy, you outline the characteristics you want to strive for and which you value in other people as well. In a way, you become better at controlling your behavior and you strengthen the qualities required of a successful leader. ConsistencyThe above benefit directly relates to the second advantage of creating a leadership philosophy: consistency. The most important aspect of the philosophy is setting out and defining your values and objectives.Once you define these, you immediately create more consistency to your behavior and actions. You have guidelines, which help you make decisions and take action. You’ll always use the same defining values at the heart of your decision-making. Let’s assume your leadership philosophy is defined by sustainability.Whenever you are faced with a decision, you will evaluate the options based on how they relate to the value of sustainabil ity â€" Will it hinder or enhance it? This assures your actions and behaviours are consistent. You don’t flip-flop from one value to another, but you stick to your principles.CollaborationLeadership always requires a level of collaboration. Since you need followers to voluntarily to follow you, you can’t expect to achieve much without an understanding and focus on teamwork. Getting along with people will become much easier if you have a clear leadership philosophy to follow.Among the things you need to define with your philosophy is your approach to collaboration. The framework requires careful consideration of engagement, communication and accountability. Defining these, you create more consistency and improve your chances of more meaningful collaboration.People will know what your values are, they understand your approach to teamwork and thus they feel more comfortable because you follow these well-defined patterns of behavior. Essentially, people can trust you because they do n’t need to constantly be on their toes.Overall, leadership philosophy will provide clarity to your leadership. Business strategist and author John Spence has written a good blog post on the topic and in it, he gave a powerful example of the benefits of a leadership philosophy. He used the famous quote by Walt Disney to make a point about why successful leaders need to define the framework for action.The quote says, “When values are clear decisions are easy.” Spence flipped it around stating, “When values are not clear decisions are difficult.” By defining your leadership philosophy, you clarify your decision-making by enhancing your focus on the values and actions that truly matter.PUBLISHING YOUR LEADERSHIP PHILOSOPHYMy Philosophy of Leadership is to surround myself with good people, who have ability, judgment and knowledge, but above all, a passion for service. Sonny Perdue (American Politician)We will outline the four steps to developing a leadership philosophy in the next section, with one of the steps involving writing down your ideas. Before providing you with the format for your written philosophy, we are going to explain why having a published leadership philosophy matters.As you’ll see in the next section a written leadership philosophy statement can be useful in getting to the heart of your true values and ideas. By having a written statement, you are sure to have a reminder of the ideals you want to be pushing towards. But it can be more beneficial to have the leadership philosophy published or at least shared with a few people because it increases your accountability.If you are the only one aware of your leadership principles, you don’t need to worry about others calling you out on doing something against your values since no one has knowledge of them. On the other hand, if you are loosing your sense of direction, a person who has seen your leadership philosophy statement can nudge you back in the right direction. The objectives you want to deliver and the values you want to keep at the heart of your leadership will be known. Even the knowledge that people have access to your statement or your closest friends or mentors know it can be enough to keep you focused on following your path.Aside from accountability, publishing your leadership philosophy will provide another major benefit: the ability to reflect. While the philosophy must naturally be built around your actual values and objectives you want to achieve, bouncing these ideas with another person can provide an invaluable angle to your thinking. The ability to reflect on your ideas and to go them through with another person can add ideas to your thinking you hadn’t thought about before. The way you see yourself will always differ slightly from the experience of others and you can learn a great deal about your characteristics by asking questions from others.If you share your leadership philosophy, you’ll be able to reflect on your ideas from a complete ly different perspective. The feedback can be useful in ensuring your philosophy is the best roadmap for you to move forward. Don’t worry about the feedback being negative; a well-constructed leadership philosophy is sure to inspire others. Overall, the idea behind publishing or sharing your leadership philosophy is all about feedback. If you are criticized consider the words carefully and think whether there is some truth to them.How to publish your leadership philosophy? There are different ways to go about it. You could naturally share with a few close friends or colleagues and ask their opinions. If you have a leadership mentor or a coach, then it’s a good idea to talk about the statement with them. But you could go further than that and have your leadership philosophy on your personal website. This could potentially be a good idea even in terms of career progression, as future employers might get a better understanding of what your leadership looks like.Finally, don’t use publishing the statement just for feedback, ensure you have someone to keep a check on you to ensure you are following your values and objectives.THE STEPS TO DEVELOPING A LEADERSHIP PHILOSOPHYHopefully, the above would have convinced you about the importance of having a leadership philosophy. We’ve talked about the characteristics of the framework, but how do you develop it? Here are the four steps you need to take in order to draft a proper leadership philosophy, which will guarantee you succeed as a leader.Step 1: Define your values and prioritiesThe first, and perhaps the most important part of the process is defining your values and priorities. You need to look deep inside you to discover the values you want to highlight and which you think make leaders great. You need to be able to answer the following questions as part of this step:What are the values I think are the most important in life and business?What are my personal strengths and weaknesses when it comes to values a nd behaviors?What do I feel are the priorities of a leader?But how do you define the core values and priorities? It’s easy to create a list of things you think are important, but you need to dig deeper when it comes to a leadership philosophy. First, you need to actually understand why you think a specific value has value. Second, you can’t have a list of 20 values as this doesn’t truly clarify your position, but instead, you must focus on just a few core priorities. Entrepreneur and author Kevin Daum has written a great post on Inc. on how to define your values. Daum suggests taking the following steps:Identifying the following moments from your life and describing them in detail:Three greatest accomplishmentsThree greatest moments of efficiencyThree greatest failuresThree greatest moments of inefficiencyConsider the above moments and examine the possible common themes between them.Using these common themes, identify the advice/tips you would give yourself. For example, if yo u find yourself avoiding conflict situations, your advice might be “Don’t walk away from difficult situations.”Refine your advice into a value. For instance, the above advice could become “Confront difficulties”Furthermore, once you have these core values and themed outlines, it’s auspicious to take a moment to define them properly. Let’s say you realized ‘authenticity’ is a value you cherish. Define what you mean by it by writing down a few sentences. You can use the formula:“Authenticity to me means…” You can do this with all of your values, whether the value is ‘communication’, ‘family’, or ‘competitiveness’. It is definitely worthwhile doing this all on paper because it will help you better communicate your ideas to yourself.When you’ve selected your values, you need to prioritize them further. If you have around 3-7 values selected, you should consider which ones resonate the most with you or which you think are the most essential in terms of leadership. An effective way to prioritize your values is by comparing them with each other. You can do it by simply taking two values, such as ‘authenticity’ and ‘respect’, and make the following statements with your chosen values:Authenticity but NO respectRespect but NO authenticityWould you pick the first or the second sentence? The value you choose is the one you rank as more important. You can do this prioritization with all of your values by comparing them against each other. You should eventually have a value on top that beat all the others in comparison. Step 2: Define the desirable outcomes you want to achieveAs well as defining your values, you also need to examine the outcomes you wish to achieve as a leader. In order to do this, you need to study the outcomes you want to achieve in the light of your chosen values. First, you should identify the goals for your leadership and the possible operational goals your organization is looking to achieve.What are the ac tions you want to or should achieve as a leader? An auspicious way to set goals is by using the SMART method, described in the image below: Furthermore, once you’ve identified the objectives, you need to outline and write down the actions required to achieve these goals. The actions can range from finding tools to motivate your team to enhance innovation.When you have the goals defined, you must reflect on the ways your values relate to and impact these objectives. You can do this by answering the following questions:How do my values support the key goals of leadership? Remember leadership was about influencing others to follow your vision. You need to pick each value and examine how it would help inspire others and move you closer to your vision. If you value ‘honesty’, then you want to consider how it is demonstrated in influential leadership.How do my values support the operational goals? You should consider the same in terms of the specific organizational objectives you’ve identified.How can my values strengthen the actions required to achieve the objectives? Look at each action and consider the different way s your values would have a positive impact on it. ‘Honesty’ could be seen as a way to strengthen trust, which in turn would boost motivation, for example.How do my values show in the way I communicate with my teams? Think about the above and the positive or negative impact your values, actions and objectives will have on the team. You want to identify the routes that uphold your values, but create a meaningful partnership with your followers.What are the behaviors and actions I expect from my followers? Your followers don’t necessarily have to subscribe to the exact same values as you do or prioritize the values the same way. Nonetheless, you need to consider the behaviors and actions, which are in conflict with the objectives you want to achieve as a leader and as an organization, and the behaviors, which are not sustainable in terms of your own values.The above helps you to clarify what your leadership philosophy should look like in action. It makes the values turn into conc rete examples in terms of behaviors and actions.Step 3: Write down your leadership philosophyWith the above steps concluded, you can start putting your leadership philosophy on paper. We briefly mentioned the importance of having a written statement in the previous section. Writing down your philosophy helps clarify your ideas and makes it all just a bit more concrete. It can improve your focus and help you keep yourself more accountable, since you can always go back and read what you’ve created.To help you write down your leadership format, we propose using the  format below, although you can always just write a document in your own style. The format is based on the four core elements of leadership philosophy: theory, attitude, principles and behavior.Theory: I believe in _________________.Write the specific elements of leadership you believe are at the heart of being a good leader; the values you prioritize. An example sentence could be: I believe in confronting issues head-on i s the key to better communication.Attitude: My thoughts will ___________ and my words will ______________.These sentences refer to the attitudes you want to foster in the workplace; the example you want to set with your own attitude. The aim is to focus on the attitude you think will boost your success as a leader and help to achieve the objectives you’ve set out. You might say, “My thoughts will focus on finding solutions and my words will be based on honesty and integrity.”Principles: I will lead by/with ____________.The focus is on writing down the guiding principles you will use as part of your leadership. These are the top priorities to you as a leader; the principles you won’t negotiate on and which you’ll consider each time you make decisions. You’ll most likely end up writing a few of these and an example sentence might be: I will lead by understanding and embracing change and how situations and people can change over time.Behavior: I expect to ___________ and __ __________ in situations.Finally, you need to write down how you will behave and react in the workplace, no matter what the situation is. The behaviors should reflect your leadership philosophy and highlight the core ideas in action. The identification of your past successes and failures during Step 1 will help with the last point. You could state, “I expect to consider the different options and listen to feedback in challenging situations.”When it comes to drafting the document, there are a few things to keep in mind. First, keep it concise; you don’t want the document to be more than one page. You should be able to state the essence of your leadership philosophy in a few sentences. The other crucial point is to aim for clarity and this is why you also want someone else to have a look at your philosophy.You need to define the philosophy in a manner that will help others to understand it without the need to ask multiple questions. Even if you decide not to publish it, you want at least one person to view it. Aiming for clarity will guarantee you truly understand what you are looking for with your philosophy and this will guarantee you are focused on your intentions.Step 4: Evaluate your leadership philosophyFinally, it’s not enough to write your leadership philosophy and continue with your daily activities; you need to actively evaluate how well you are holding on to your ideals. You must regularly reflect on how well your actions and behaviors follow your statements. Essentially, you need to hold yourself accountable.Take time to review your leadership philosophy and go back to your previous actions. Are you practicing what you preach? What are the things you excel in and which behaviors and actions do you struggle to follow? You could look at these questions each week or every month. Write a list of the major actions you took that week; for example, consider the three successes for the weak and the three possible failures for the week.Reflect on whic h principles you held on to and which actions or behaviors went against what you believe in. As you identify the actions and behaviors where you didn’t follow your leadership philosophy, consider what were the reasons leading to this situation. Why didn’t you remember your philosophy at that moment or why did you reject it? This will help you understand what are the areas where you need to work harder on or even identify the values and priorities that might be unattainable for you.Furthermore, you should occasionally have a chat with people who know you or who work with you. Finding out what they think your guiding principles are can reveal a great deal to you about how they view you and whether your philosophy shows in action. If your followers identify values that are counter to everything you’ve written in your statement, then you are properly doing something wrong as a leader. On the other hand, if people relate values to you, which are at the heart of your philosophy, you get confirmation you are on the right path and achieving success as a leader.As eluded to earlier, evaluating your leadership philosophy will help you realize whether your philosophy is working or not. If it’s not, you need to carefully think about the reasons behind the failure. It might be that you are simply failing in staying true and you need more time to instill these values deeper into your actions. Just continue to be more mindful of your philosophy and think more about the ways you can stick to your principles. But your failures might not be due to lack of motivation.It could well be the actions and behaviors you chose are not truly you and do not fit into your leadership strategy. Therefore, you might have to re-evaluate each value and principle, adding in new ones and removing the ones that don’t reflect your philosophy. Successful leadership is a fluid strategy and the philosophy shouldn’t be too rigid either. As you gain more experience, both in business and in l ife, you will develop and grow as a person. This personal development might well change the way you approach leadership and therefore, you should be willing to make small changes to your philosophy if you feel like it.The video clip below on self-reflection is a valuable watch because it highlights the importance of being more aware of the impact of your decisions. It’s an important lesson to keep in mind when evaluating your leadership philosophy. FINAL THOUGHTSLeadership philosophy is a crucial element, as it acts as the foundation for your leadership. It helps you determine the guiding principles, behaviours and actions you want to put at the heart of your leadership. By carefully considering your values, priorities and objectives, you can create a framework for effective and focused leadership.Having a leadership philosophy creates clarity to your decision-making and your actions, which help you to inspire and to motivate the followers to support your vision. You will be a lea der with a clear mission and way of operating, which makes it easier for people to respect and trust you because they will always know where you are coming from.When it comes to drafting a leadership philosophy the key is to spend time analyzing yourself and writing down the things you believe in and value. Creating a document will ensure you are not only accountable, but can easily remind yourself to focus on the essentials. It ensures you aren’t just thinking about specific actions and behaviors, but to actually implement these in your leadership.Leadership philosophy is often based on intuition, but also a careful examination of what your strengths and weaknesses are. It’s about finding the voice that truly speaks for you rather than pretending to subscribe to things you don’t believe in or can’t achieve.

Schizophrenia and Grendel S Rituals - 1533 Words

Grendel Psychological Profile There is a stage in everyone’s life where they feel they are not accepted by someone or something. Whether it is because of one’s age, appearance, or emotional and mental stability, a sense of disproval and isolation appears to be glaring through the eyes of society. Throughout Grendel’s life, he is shunned from humanity for he was viewed as something of destruction and harm. However, not one person ever took the time out to see Grendel’s true personality or really discover what he was all about. When facing the realities of the cruel world, Grendel found himself severely struggling with some psychological deficiencies. After performing multiple psychoanalysis tests on Grendel’s behavior, his†¦show more content†¦People with schizophrenia often cannot control their thoughts; they jump from one topic to the next and can never make a comprehensible decision. They often feel as if people are listening to their thought process and controlling w hat they think. Grendel conveyed this multiple times throughout his lifetime. He often would be completely indecisive over whom he would murder and how he would commit the crime. â€Å"I would kill her and teach them reality. Grendel the truth-teacher, phantasm-tester! It was what I would be from this day forward-my commitment, my character as long as I lived-and nothing alive or dead could change my mind! I changed my mind. It would be meaningless, killing her.† (pg 110) Like many whom suffer the same disorder, Grendel completely changed his mind, extending from one topic to the exact opposite. He goes against his own ideas as if he were two totally opposing characters. He also always thought the dragon was near. Grendel allowed the ways and beliefs of the dragon to get in his head. He would claim he could â€Å"smell the dragon’s scent† whenever something sinister occurred. All of these symptoms, in addition to the isolation from Hrothgar’s people lead to the overall cause in withdrawal from society. Grendel’s emotional disturbances caused him to react completely unreasonable and rather foolish many times within his life. Having that I studied Grendel’s rituals, emotions, and responses

Wal Mart Leadership And Management Strategies - 1822 Words

The leaders at Walmart have been very successful in exhibiting leadership in the company taking the company to new heights â€Å"Wal-Mart, the largest retail store of the United States, the Wal-Mart leadership and management strategies contribute to the core success†, during the 1980s, widespread growth was observed due to the diversification of the company and â€Å"the leadership style of Harold Lee Scott, CEO of Walmart is inherited from the business legacy of Sam Walton, founder of Walmart.† Walmart store managers started by working at the register or in some entry-level position and through an ongoing process they eventually would work their way up to become a store manager which took about seven to eleven years, an assessment test†¦show more content†¦Visionary leadership is necessary to build a company visionary leaders are the ones who provide direction to the company and set the goals that everyone seeks to achieve for the company and Walmartâ€℠¢s vision is to provide good customer service and merchandise at the lowest possible price â€Å"to help people save money so they can live better†. Ethical leadership is leading with dignity and respecting the rights of others and the leaders of Walmart stress the importance of employee satisfaction because when you have satisfied employees then you will in return have happy customers. Also strategic leadership this is what manages, motivates and persuades employees to share the company vision and a good strategy is the success factor behind a good company, Walmart uses strategic leadership in a form of sharing through empowerment mechanisms such as delegation and also participation, Walmart is such a big company that it has to be shared responsibilities so Walmart gives autonomy to several positions from leaders to retail store management. When it comes to decision making Walmart believes that â€Å"tough decision making capabilities of the organizational leadership are significant in the organizational success† (â€Å"Researchomatic†). Decision-making responsibility, at all levels, permits minor issues to be understood by the individuals who are first mindful of them and leaders can remain concentrated on issues that has to do with the goal of the companyShow MoreRelatedWalmart Management and Leadership Analysis Essay1472 Words   |  6 PagesWal-Mart Management and Leadership Analysis XXXXXXXXXXX Organizational Behavior and Group Dynamics/Mgt 330 November 11, 2009 Ronald Sprague Wal-Mart Management and Leadership Analysis Wal-Mart is arguably the most dynamic corporation in the last 50 years in the United States, if not the world. Arising from its beginnings in Bentonville, Arkansas, it has grown to over 4,400 discount stores, super centers and corner markets worldwide. Wal-Mart continues to expand despite publicRead MoreWal Mart s Forces Structure Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesWith regards to Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Porter s five forces structure can be utilized to examine the intensity of Wal-Mart s industry. Wal-Mart’s changed from a little chain of markdown stores to the world’s biggest retailer. Wal-Mart’s transformation from a small chain of discount stores in Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma in 1970 to the world’s largest retailer was one of the most remarkable corporate success stories of the 20th century (Grant, 2008, p.57). Wal-Mart works in the retail businessRead MoreWalmart Competitive Analysis1136 Words   |  5 Pages | |[Wal-mart case analysis] | |Competitive advantage and competitive dynamics | What might explain Wal-Mart’s performance overRead MoreSwot Analysis of Wal-Mart and Carrefour952 Words   |  4 PagesSusan Donoho Argosy University SWOT Analysis of Wal-mart and Carrefour SWOT Analysis for Wal-Mart and Carrefour What is a hypermarket? According to Business Dictionary that is an online business definition resource, it is a â€Å"vast self-service warehouse-cum-retail outlet that combines the features of a supermarket, department store, discount store, and specialty store in one location.† A hypermarket may also be called a hyper-mart (Business Dictionary, 2012). The multinational retailers thatRead MoreWal Mart For My Hospitality Analysis1496 Words   |  6 Pageschosen Wal-Mart for my hospitality analysis. Wal-Mart was founded in 1945, with it s headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas. Wal-Mart is known for their variety and discounts in the industry. Along with operating worldwide as of January 31, 2006, they also have 1980 superstores, 567 Sam s Clubs, and 1209 discount stores. They have also extended their operations into the international countries. There are two forms that they run their retail: Wal-Mart Stores, and Sam s Club. The Wal-Mart storesRead MoreWal-Mart Case Study E ssays871 Words   |  4 PagesWAL-MART CASE STUDY WAL-MART CASE ANALYSIS Impressions Wal-Mart is a company that leads its industry in numerous areas. The areas which impress are the accomplishments the company has made. â€Å"About 140 million people in 11 countries shopped at Wal-Mart †¦every week. More than half of American shoppers visited Wal-Mart at least once a month†¦an estimated 82 percent at American households have made at least one purchase at Wal-Mart† (Bianco, Zellner, 2003). Less impressive is the company being involvedRead MoreWal-Marts Sustainable Competitive Advantage Essay1093 Words   |  5 Pagesvalue by providing distinct products and sustain its position against its competitors. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is one of such companies in the retail sector that has achieved sustainable competitive advantage over a period of time.  ¬This report focuses on how Wal-Mart has achieved competitive advantage by adopting cost leadership strategy and providing consumer goods at lower prices. The report also discusses how Wal-Mart is taking lead on environmental sustainability by investing in solar power plants,Read MoreEssay on Wal-Mart Analysis1677 Words   |  7 PagesArkansas, Wal-Mart has become the leader in the discount department store industry. Through its stores, Supercenters and Sam’s Club warehouse stores, the company operates 2,823 units in the United States, 606 units in six foreign countries, and has 7 joint ventures in the Pacific Rim. 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In a very centralized structure, the highest layer of management has most of the choice creating power and has tight management over departments and divisions. In a much suburbanized structure, the choice creating power is distributed and also the departments and divisions could have totally different degrees of independence. Wal-mart’s struct ure is built upon its risk management, safety and claims management process. Google Inc. has gained much attention

Boeing/Airbus Evaluation Free Essays

MBA 654 Case 10. 1 Boeing Airbus Robin Grouette 1. The overall strategy for Boeing seems to be focused more on customization and efficiency rather than size. We will write a custom essay sample on Boeing/Airbus Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the focus of the 787 Dreamliner being that of long range with smaller passenger capacity, Boeing is anticipating that more direct routes to international cities will be developed rather than the typical hub and spoke routes which currently dominate the airline industry. Airbus’ overall strategy is focused more on the hub and spoke routes as well as improving efficiency. The A380 has utilized new materials in both airframe and wing compositions which have not been seen in Boeing’s products. The A380 also relies heavily on travel between concentrated hubs of passengers to ensure capacity is not underutilized. Airbus does seem to be playing a bit of catch-up in announcing the A350 for a 2012 release as it is positioned to compete directly with the 787 from Boeing. The ways in which both strategies are different would be the focus of Airbus on centralized hub and spoke routes for airlines (major city to major city) and creating larger aircraft to support their strategy, as compared to the decentralized connectivity to international destinations (smaller cities connected to smaller cities) which Boeing believes to be the coming evolution of air travel. The similarities in both strategies focus around efficiency and range. Almost the entirety of both new product developments for both companies have seen significant increases in flying distance in comparison to previous models. Also, with the rising cost of fuel, the efficiency of design and materials has been become more important. Airbus has developed its product line in response to the strengths and weaknesses shown by Boeing. An example would be the A320 family which was introduced 20 years following the 727/737 models from Boeing. All models involve smaller capacities and ranges which would suit regional and national travel. Airbus also developed a medium range/capacity A300/310 model to compete with the 757 and 787 from Boeing. In both the small range/capacity and medium range/capacity, Boeing had a long established dominance in model acceptance as well as an ability to provide upgrades in technology and efficiency at a smaller cost to replacing the entire plane, which left Airbus at a disadvantage. Where Airbus’ real advantage came in the long range/large capacity segment which had only been serviced by the 747 from Boeing. With the introduction of the A330/340 in the late ‘80’s as well as the A380 in 2008, Airbus is anticipating the need for long distance, major hub connections throughout the world rather than having smaller cities having the ability to have direct flights to international destinations . 2. The product lines for both companies fall into three categories: short range/small capacity, medium range/medium capacity, long range/large capacity. Both companies have four models in the short range/capacity segment, Airbus has 2 models in the medium range/capacity segment to Boeing’s 3, and Airbus has 2 models in the long range/large capacity to Boeing’s 1. The sales for each segment is dominated largely by Boeing with 9632 units sold between 1970 and 2005 in comparison to the 5797 that Airbus sold in the same time. While being dominated in the small and medium segments, Airbus has been exceeding Boeing in the long range segment since the 90’s. In terms of technology, both firms are making advances towards efficiency as well as fly-by-wire controls. While Boeing models have been established for quite some time, Airbus has utilized their late entry into the industry by incorporating the latest technology into their products. Aircraft were originally designed with direct mechanical systems, meaning that when the pilot depressed a pedal in the cockpit, the corresponding surface on the airplane would react by how hard/fast the pedal was depressed. In modern aircraft, this mechanical system has been replaced by a fly-by-wire system which an electrical signal is sent to the surface from the cockpit, rather than a mechanical one. Airbus has been utilizing this technology exclusively in their products, whereas Boeing has had to create upgrade packages for their existing products to switch to the new technology. Airbus has made a leap in material component technology which Boeing has not, in the Lithium/Aluminum body composition as well as carbon fiber wing construction for the new A380. Overall I believe that the Boeing approach to a more decentralized, medium capacity aircraft with long range and high efficiency will prove to be the better product line. Airlines are creating more direct flights to international destinations and having the ability to have a larger percentage of capacity utilized on the medium capacity planes will make the 787 more desirable to airlines as they continue to evolve. 4. The overall economics of the industry is one of stiff competition supporting an industry which has been struggling to make a profit for the last decade. Both companies are competing for the limited capital available to their customers to provide new products while at the same time, staying current with evolving regulations around noise and efficiency. Also, both companies are competing on a wide variety of factors for all three sales segments so creation of new products to meet customer needs are both costly as well as risky. The importance of government subsidies for both companies is paramount. This helps transfer the financial risk of new product development across more participants. While Airbus gets directly subsidized from a number of European governments, Boeing is indirectly subsidized through their military contract business. Boeing’s issue with the direct subsidies are that they can be directly traced to the commercial aircraft industry while their indirect military subsidies are harder to uncover. In the end, both companies are being subsidized by government funds. While the level of subsidization may not be exactly the same for both companies, making an issue about the only other competitor in the industry receiving a subsidy while you are as well comes across as a double standard. 5. New products are developed by creating very long range forecasts and anticipating the evolving needs of their customers before they may even realize them; all at a tremendous RD cost to the developing company. While most of Boeing’s products were developed in the 60’s and 70’s, they really hadn’t come out with anything new until 2006 and then again in 2010; whereas Airbus has had a more consistent release of new products since the 80’s. The major trade-off between fuel efficiency and cost are based on the ability to upgrade existing models over the improved technology and materials in the newer models. Since Boeing has had an established product line for a longer time than Airbus, they are able to compete by selling upgrade packages to improve technology and fuel efficiency rather than having to replace the entire plane. While this has worked for Boeing in the past, this approach may have stagnated the creative drive of designers in coming up with new models, which Airbus has been doing. The A380 may not be a serious threat to Boeing, depending on how the global airline industry adapts to more people flying. If the hub and spoke method which is currently employed persists well into the future, then Boeing could be at a disadvantage to Airbus as their large capacity 747 is almost 50 years old and there are no current plans to replace it. On the other hand, if airlines start offering more direct flights from a wider variety of cities, the 787 Dreamliner is excellently positioned to take advantage of both longer ranges as well as smaller passenger requirements for profitability. 6. There will be new competitors entering this industry either directly or indirectly. Direct competition could be developed in Asia as more and more people use air travel as well as an increase in skilled labour. Indirect competition could also evolve from privatized space travel. While currently only found in science fiction, the ability for aircraft to travel semi ballistic is not far off. Having the ability to travel tremendous distances at greatly reduced times would be a major draw to people who use airlines for international business. Boeing needs to be aware of the progress of the privatized space flight industry as well as any potential competition from Asia. This means more investment into technology around fuel efficiency as well as materials and systems. When Boeing offered upgrades on their 747, they reduced the total crew required from 3 to 2, saving $400,000 per year in operating costs. If they could further reduce crew requirements to a single pilot, it would provide significant operational savings to their customers. The future of the commercial aircraft industry is bright. Air travel is the safest and fastest way for people to travel long distances. With evolutions in engine and plane design, the models will only get faster and more efficient. The key for each company is to not wait to see what the other is doing, but to invest in both market research and technology to stay ahead of the other. How to cite Boeing/Airbus Evaluation, Papers

The Danger of Long-Term Exposure with Crystal Meth Essay Example

The Danger of Long-Term Exposure with Crystal Meth Paper Methamphetamine, more famously recognized in its street name as â€Å"Crystal Meth†, is a silent killer among long-term users. The effects vary widely and depend on the amount taken, time of exposure with the drug, methods of consumption, user’s weight, age, and lifestyle. It is a powerful stimulant that even small doses can have an immediate effect and last longer in the brain than most of the common street drugs. In 2006, 1. 9 million Americans age 12 and older had abused the drug at least once (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2008). Instead of creating a rush in sensation, Crystal Meth provides a longer-lasting high of up to 12 hours just from an initial intake. This sudden high is believed to have resulted from high-level of neurotransmitter dopamine exposure. Dopamine is responsible for the pleasurable sensations in the brain that creates a â€Å"sense of well being†. Aside from the high, users also experience increased alertness, rapid talking, and eye wiggles. Long-term Crystal Meth abuse produces permanent and damaging effects, both physically and psychologically. Addiction is the most documented psychological side-effect of prolonged methamphetamine usage. It is a continual, degenerating disease, described by compulsive drug-seeking and drug abuse. It is triggered by the functional and molecular changes in the brain. Tolerance on the drug will only heighten the addiction level because users will need larger dosage to achieve the same desired effects. Chronic abuse can lead to psychotic behavior, characterized by intense paranoia, mood disorders brought by visual and auditory hallucinations, out of control rages illustrated by a sudden burst of anger and shouting. We will write a custom essay sample on The Danger of Long-Term Exposure with Crystal Meth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Danger of Long-Term Exposure with Crystal Meth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Danger of Long-Term Exposure with Crystal Meth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Interviews from patients in rehabilitation areas around Toronto showed that they continue to feel a tingling sensation of insects creeping on their skin. This irritating feeling made them scratch and pick at their skin that results to open sores and infection. These psychological effects are intensified when the user suddenly stops taking the drug. Temporary physiological effects include hyperactivity, decrease in appetite, increase in stamina and energy, involuntary body movements, nausea, skin irritations and headaches. There is also a problem known as â€Å"Meth mouth† where users have rotting teeth because of reduced blood flow. Cardiovascular problems found are increase in heart rate, irregular heartbeat, and irreversible, stroke-producing damage to small blood vessels that will eventually lead to stroke and heart failures. Extended dependency or overdose effects can include a change in the sleeping pattern, restlessness, gastrointestinal narrowing from lengthened eating disorders, tremor and weakened immunity. Prolonged use of up to several years can lead to erectile dysfunction, liver, kidney and lung damage. Scientific studies on animals with long-term methamphetamine exposure have confirmed that it has toxic effects on the dopamine-containing areas of the brain. The toxic effect of the drug has been the leading cause of death in Honolulu, Hawaii. According to Chief Medical Examiner Dr. Kanthi De Alwis, this deadly drug could be the liable for 80 fatalities in the region within the year. An increase in stroke, bronchial asthma and heart attacks can point to Crystal Meth dependency. Even only on the early month of August, 44 deaths have been listed as methamphetamine-related. It has been alarming for her to discover that these natural deaths like stroke can now be caused by using Crystal Meth on a long-term basis (Gordon, 2004). Stopping the danger of overdose and long-exposure from methamphetamines may already be too late for those patients that have received permanent damage. Proper awareness from the effects of this drug can save thousands of lives in the United States alone. Contacting a medical professional is advisable. Institutions like the Center for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto can give advice to those family members who want to rehabilitate their love ones who are Crystal Meth dependent. Reference Methamphetamine – NIDA Drugs of Abuse and Related Topics (2008). Retrieved September 29, 2008, from http://www. nida. nih. gov/DrugPages/Methamphetamine. html Information About Crytsal Meth. (2006). Center for Addiction and Mental Health. Toronto. Retrieved September 29, 2008, from http://www. camh. net/About_Addiction_ Mental_Health/Drug_and_Addiction_Information/crystal_meth_information. html Gordon, Mike. (2004). Crytsal Meth Kills in Unexpected Ways. Retrieved September 29, 2008, from http://the. honoluluadvertiser. com/article/2004/Sep/05/ln/ln03a. html

Heriot

Heriot Introduction Heriot-Watt University is a university in Scotland based in Edinburgh. The university takes pride in offering practical solutions both to day global challenges as well as providing appropriate education to many students. The society is highly committed in digging deep into the challenges facing the society, assessing them and structuring appropriate programmes to tackle the problems.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Heriot-Watt University Blue-print Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The various academic disciplines are designed with the existing challenges in consideration. The courses offered by the institution are therefore meant to provide solutions to the community as a whole. The university brings together skills in interdisciplinary sections, each structured to handle a particular strategic theme. The themes are developed concerning what is viewed as the important problem affecting the soci ety. These themes bring together expertise from many disciplines. The major areas of concern targeted by change include; energy, environment, transport and infrastructure, risk and modeling, and the interface of the life sciences with the physical sciences and technology. The institution enjoys an excellent record of accomplishment in offering interdisciplinary and user-centred research. Such attainments will have an important input in enabling the organizations attain its goals. The targeted areas also hope to address the global market demands in those sectors and the need for the specialist in various fields. The areas targeted will be vital in addressing the ever-growing demand for the specialist in the energy sector, the environmental advisors, the transport and infrastructure planners , risk managers and modelers and those with the potential to create a harmony between the life sciences and the technological and physical sciences. Such gap reduction mechanisms between practice and science will be helpful in addressing some of the challenges that human race is facing in the planet.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Heriot-watt University is widely known in a vast number of research areas. Some of the vital fields of focus comprises of photonics, business education, petroleum engineering, financial mathematics and actuarial science, risk management, decoding and interpreting, and logistics. These courses are considered demand driven and play a centrals role in many economies in the world. The needs to address the challenges presented the climate changes effects and development of the appropriate models that will help in risk management by the companies and organizations will be handy in the present age work places. We have also the issue of the existences of various techn9ologies that are developed by different firms, and some may be in a form that may not be easily useful to some clients, it will be essential and necessary to translate some the stuff into a format that they are easily disseminate to the end users. The institution aims at addressing such discrepancies. The proposed strategy aims to provide the institution with the direction to concentrate further on interdisciplinary research and teaching. The blue print not only targets the community where it operates but also targets to address the challenges on a global scale. Such an approach is aimed at widening the pool from which the institutions is aiming to work. The ability to address issues in the global scale will enable the institutions to have representatives and partners across the globe and thus have the masses who subscribe to the ideology of the institutions and this will give the institutions the necessary boost needed to survive in the competitive market place. The Strategy is structured to meet the needs of Scotland national economy at the UK at large. By virtue of its position, the universities are at the core of the country’s economy. The university achieves this by investing in research activities, concentrating on the agenda for skills development and advocating for innovation, entrepreneurship among many other developmental issues. The element of knowledge sharing and exchange is also highly valued as it is considered as an avenue to development of human capital, which translates into improved growth and productivity. Students are encouraged to share ideas, cultural diversity, and any other element that is considered fruitful.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Heriot-Watt University Blue-print Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Focus On the Future Strategy Focus on the Future is the ambitious strategy aimed to act as a blue-print in re-shaping Heriot-Watt University’s agenda. As outlined in the strategy, the university intends to r ealize a 50% growth in the academic base by the year 2015. Realizing such an ambitious move requires putting in place in the necessary mechanisms and work plan that must be followed. As a leading university in Edinburgh, Scotland, the university is determined to demonstrate its leadership in science, technology, and business. The three areas of focus form the core business approaches that will give the institutions an advantage over the other institutions. The subject areas are aimed at addressing the challenges that globalizations presents to different set up of businesses and internationals organizations across the globe. Multi-cultural diversity of the institutions enables the institutions to present the various modules of the courses aimed at addressing the challenges that such diversity may present. The strategy aims to raise the university’s standing from a national leading university to a recognized international institution that will attract foreign students. This is to be reflected in the university’s commitment to produce professionals in all specialization. The institution is highly determined to continue growth and investment this in effect is expected to have the institution as a leading international university in key world issues. Need Having an outstanding reputation of providing working solutions to the many development challenges within the country as well as in the international circles, the university is obligated to sustain the record. This will be achieved through continuous quality assurance checks and by emulating other institutions around the globe. Bearing in mind that meeting the clientele expectations is paramount, it will be essential for the organization to meet its obligation to the society. The institution has already set the foundation or the benchmark of the expectations that the society or people are expecting from it. The institutions ability to amicably address the challenges will be essential in its planning of the future undertakings. The strength of the university is demonstrated in its existing collaborative programmes, which include ScotCHEM in chemistry and chemical engineering; The ScotgriD advanced IT network; The Scottish institute for Research in Economics; and Edinburgh Research Partnership in Engineering and mathematics (ERPem).Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This acts to consolidate expertise in various disciplines where they bring on board their wide experiences in formulating solutions to the modern world challenges. Strategic Fit Energy This is one of the major areas in which the university has concentrated her efforts. The strategy aims to adopt a cohesive and coordinated approach to research and learning activities in energy field as well as other related disciplines. The combination of skills from experts in various fields is aimed to enhance meaningful research findings that can be utilize at both national and international level (Esty 2008). Outcomes The strategy has led to significant growth in the forefront Institute of Petroleum Engineering. This has been characterized by increased academic capacity in non-fossil going by also by the number of students and other key players interested in the field. The strategy builds on the existing institution’s technical capabilities. The institutions strength to adopt the strategy lies in its richness in facilities such as sufficient educational capacity and availability of research resources. This is also because of government and other private funding in research programmes like in petroleum engineering works, which has enabled the institute to expand its research facilities and acquire advanced machinery for the same. One core objective of the strategy is to reduce over-reliance on fossil fuels without necessarily doing away with it. The strategy aims to diversify energy sources. As the main recognized international university in Scotland, Heriot-Watt University intends to take the energy educational opportunities beyond the national boundaries. It targets all parts of the world especially the countries where increasing demand for energy constitutes national agenda. Major initiatives include: Optimizing discovery of sustainable gas and oil reserves with the aim of overcoming the global limitation. Increased development of voltaic systems, which have the c apacity to generate electricity. This is to keep pace with the steady escalating consumption. With expectations that oil reserves will be exhausted in 100 years to come, focus on alternative sources of energy such as voltaic systems is of great importance. School of built and construction undertakes research into architectural design which is intended to minimize energy loss in the buildings. Research programme at the International Centre for technology in Orkney on marine renewables with emphasis on marine environmental impacts. A team of professional in energy technology to deal with complex issues in energy such as security in supply, high living standards and the impacts on the environment. This is an area of great concern particularly when it comes to negative impacts on the environment as a result of current methods of obtaining energy. The university’s doctorate engineering programme which includes the theme, with options in solar energy and enhanced oil and gas recove ry A new master of science programme with emphasis in economics, business and management A large pilot plant to support experiments on low carbon buildings such as the eco-village. This is will be strategy to reduce overall emission as agreed in the recent G8 summit. In order to encourage information exchange, coordination, and collaboration among the players, a virtual Academy centre was constructed. The centre advances the University’s interests in energy resources and production, capturing and storage of carbon, efficiency, and utilization of energy. As a part of its strength, there are significant partnerships among the researchers. This is also demonstrated by the connectivity of the institution to major energy organizations and other researchers outside the university. The institution’s capacity in commercial knowledge transfer to the energy economy allows it to further develop and extend their technical abilities (Kurukulasuriya Mendelsohn 2006). Environment a nd Climate Change We cannot talk of development without addressing the environment we operate in. Environment and climate theme is in particular designed with the aim of understanding the environment and its impacts on the humanity. The strategy recognizes the fact that the issues of environment and climate have taken a centre stage on the global debate. The impact of man on the environment and the climate change has increased with the rising industrial revolution. How can we balance delicate equation of industrialization and environmental degradation? Industrialization, developmental activities such as agriculture have resulted into far reaching impacts on the environment and this is threatening the global future economy (Agrawala 2003). The strategy aims to address this challenge by conducting research to adjusting to low carbon lifestyle. For low carbon lifestyle to be this to be realized, it will take joint efforts of specialists from diverse fields of research to put ideas toge ther. Biologists’ work is combined with techniques developed by chemists and physicists. Mathematicians’ and stasticians’ skills are also brought on board to build theoretical models that enhance understanding of data and transforming these diverse ideas into something meaningful that we see the institution achieve some of its core values (Adger 1999). Nevertheless, this theme faces some challenges. The complexity nature of the environment and the chain of interacting factors makes difficult to understand changes that cause them. Another challenge lies in the difficulty in developing knowledge and tools top reduce the negative effects and adjusting our practices. In order to achieve this theme, a number of initiatives were put in place namely: comprehensive investigation in both physical and ecological set up of the environment and the change processes at work. focus on marine ecosystem and biodiversity; conducting research into formation and storage of gas, de veloping a model and undertaking an analysis on the population processes in ecology which entails an understanding of predator and prey relationship. The model also aims to predict how the relationships among different organisms lead to diseases and how it can be controlled. Formulation of a new master’s degree programme, which focuses on climate change and the control measures. The course targets students from various disciplines and incorporates inputs from actors the university. construction of a multi-disciplinary centre, which aims at taking advantage of the existing partnership with the external collaborators within the area of marine sciences. This center will also attract immense interests of stakeholders who will focus at reducing the negative impacts of climate change. This theme targets at bringing about change in technology use, social, as well as behavioural aspects (Bojà ¶ Reddy 2003b). One of the biggest challenge facing human being and the entire ecosystem s urvival is indeed the factor of climate change (environmental degradation). The importance of this subject accrues from the fact that it affects all the nations around the world. However, the poor are at more risk as compared to the rich. The impacts of climate change expose million of peoples to poverty and hunger as variations in weather and consequently climate affects food production and those who rely on agriculture are the most hit (Adger 1999). For there to be any meaningful development, the poor must be supported to overcome the challenges brought about by climate change. Many organizations especially, those interested in development, IFAD, for instance, climate change has a unique significance. Their mission is to empower people by helping them to overcome poverty (Bojà ¶ Reddy 2002). Economies of many developing countries across the world depend on agriculture. It is the mainstay for the poorest rural households. However, more than any other sector, it is the most direct ly affected by the issues of climate change (Abramovitz 2001). This further complicates the livelihoods of the rural poor who have no capacity to overcome the impacts of climate change. This is because they lack access to financial opportunities that would otherwise enable them to devise alternative means of survival (Boju et al., 2004). Failures in crop production, deaths in livestock, as result of drought are causing enormous economic losses among farmers. In effect, this has been marked by escalation in food prices and hence deterioration in food security. The situation has not been helped by the steadily swelling in the world population, especially in the developing world, which means high demand for food (Bruci 2004). FAO estimates project that, for food production to meet the demand of the rising population, it will need to double by the year 2050 (Githego et al., 2000). It is projected that deforestation and poor agricultural practices collectively make up approximately 26 to 35 per cent of total greenhouse gas discharge in the environment. On the other hand, agriculture and forestry can play a major role in handling the challenges of climate change. â€Å"Enhanced land management applications for instance rehabilitation of ruined land, agro forestry and high-quality agricultural practices can to a large extent contribute to bringing down the amount of greenhouse gas discharged in our environment† (Department for International Development 2004a, p.5). Involvement of the poor rural people in introducing sustainable development programme is key in overcoming challenges of climate change. A good number of this general population deal with huge tracks of forests and land and for that reason they can be essential participants in â€Å"natural resource management and carbon sequestration† (Department for International Development 2004b, p. 6). They are from time to time the caretakers of the natural or usual resource base and can put in signific ant information in the preservation efforts (Mani Sears 2006). According to the Department for International Development (2004d, p. 7), carbon-trading know-how be required to be go with with reimbursement programmes for the rural poor with respect to their ecological actions, which add to carbon sequestration or confiscation that limit carbon gas discharge in the environment. This will have an important role in addressing the climate change challenges that the globe is struggling to solve. The compensation program is aimed at allowing the rural to develop the essential carbon sinks that will help in reducing the level of carbon in the atmosphere and thus reduce the effects of global warming. The approach also helps in reducing the Green house gases that have been associated with the depletion of the vital ozone layer. This is believed to be one of the most dangers that global warming has presented to survival in the planet. The attempts to reduce and minimize the emissions will be crucial in ensuring that the planet will be able to support life in the near future. Sustaining soil and water preservation actions, presenting inducements to farmers and all other parties involved in sustainable or long-term production practices, and gratifying for carbon seizure or sequestration actions and avoiding or reducing deforestation, part of continued attempts to tone down the negative effects of climate alteration (Gornitz 1995). â€Å"In responding to the growing effects of climate change, IFAD is in the process of integrating adaptation and mitigation into its activities† (Dale 1997, p. 20). By giving attention to the needs and situations of the poor rural people during the planning process, risks and impacts of climate will be minimized at the same time achieving progress in development. Life and Physical Sciences Interface The university’s collaborations among the life sciences and physical sciences have grown tremendously in the recent past. This has b een facilitated by knowledge sharing opportunities and techniques (Bradley 2006). The approach aims to tackle this subject matter by intensifying the institution’s ability in â€Å"advanced bio-molecular science which is appropriate to human biology, and to develop and further exploit the relationship of this and related life science activities with other science and technology interests† (Energy Sector Management Assistance Program 2007, p. 5). Initiatives Leading an international team using micro array technology to study the interaction between the environment and genes. The objective of this research is to discover ways of dealing with metabolic diseases. This is in essence supposed to promote safe ageing by enhancing healthy muscle functioning (Bojà ¶ Reddy 2003a). Collaboration between clinicians and biomedical scientists to conduct investigations into the causes of tumors and slow healing of wounds affected patients. This is to be achieved mathematical modeli ng aimed at providing the insight and hence an understanding of cell biology. Development of new pharmaceutical products, which is long-term industrial product and has high efficacy Leading a major collaborative programme with the aim of developing new technologies to initiate the automatic production of embryonic cells A partnership of chemistry experts, chemical engineering specialist, and other experts in the complex-scale-up of bio-chemical processes for industrial scale production. More research in polymer synthesis and applications Developing special imaging techniques (hyper spectral ophthalmic) which allows for monitoring of the body development and to also give highly diagnostic information. Using ultra-high speed imaging techniques to measure how the behavior of insects as it flies. This information is then used in developing an improved aircraft. Development of automatic cell screening technologies gadgets. This is intended to help in studying the functioning of individua l cells. Continued collaboration among different disciplines. This is to enhance adaptation of the laboratory research findings to the industries. Increase in learning opportunities through formulation of new MSc programmes in life sciences, engineering, physical sciences, and mathematics and computer sciences. Risk and Modeling Being at the centre of modern living, Risk and its management form an important theme of the Focus on the Future strategy. The goal of the theme is to bring together the disciplines of actuarial mathematics, statistics, psychology, computer science, and engineering to be able to deal with mathematical and behavioural aspects of risk and uncertainty (Department for International Development 2004d). The approach adopted by the university aims to take advantage of the available experts in such fields as actuarial mathematics, probability and other appropriate disciplines that deal with uncertainty. The proposed collaborative approach intends to take into consi deration quantitative behavioural and social aspects associated with the problem and hence find solution as well as formulate control strategies. The proposed interdisciplinary approach is to ensure that the real problem and risks are handled (Hannah Midgley 2002). The approach is an improvement of the traditional methodology, where calculation and risk presentation was exclusively based on mathematics. The interdisciplinary approach combines elements of behavior and society in defining a problem and result into a workable solution and strategies to avoid similar situations (Department for International Development 2004c). Initiatives The university continues to build on the existing excellent record in high impact research which makes use of probabilistic approach in solving problems affecting the modern world Experts in the discipline of quantitative risk management develop techniques that can be used in determining the nature of risks as well their occurrence frequencies Contin ued involvement in the global assignment in genetics and insurance research centre provides a foundation for the development of a model that aids in understanding of human genetics on insurance markets Construction of a major centre staffed with experts in various fields provides an opportunity for continued research in risks. The institution provides training and advice to the public, business community as well as the government on how to manage risks. This acts to improves the people’s attitude towards risks and gives them confidence when they are faced with uncertainty. Promotion of opportunities provided by the training in risk management and applying such skills in other areas such as fund investment Infrastructure and Transport The university recognizes the increasing pace at which the urban population is accelerating. It is estimated that the current population proportion in urban centres is more that 50% and it is projected to exceed 60% by the year 2030(Hill et al., 2002). Such an increase in population is expected to put immense pressure on the available facilities and hence need expansion to meet the unprecedented demands. More and bigger population means more mouths to feed, many children to educate, increased demand on transport, increased demand for jobs from the youths, increased demand for sanitation, as well as demand for a clean environment. Given its vantage capacity, Heriot-Watt University is committed to take the lead in confronting these global challenges. The strategy for this theme is to bring together professionals from various academic fields such as those in the field of Schools of the Built Environment; Management and Languages, and Engineering and Physical Sciences so as they can work as team. The interdisciplinary collaboration brings together a team of internationally recognized experts. The professionals range from infrastructure designers to consultants in micro and micro management. Major initiatives include: To lead UK research effort in flood modeling and coordinating of flood risk management through collaboration of experts within the university and other public organizations. The institution also undertakes to investigate and address important issues relating to freight distribution in the Logistics Research Centre in the school of Management and Languages. Professionals and other experts in energy systems are committed to designing and development of automotives and aircraft engines as well as the instruments monitoring instruments. Professional and governmental exchange partnership between the Scotland and China governments is promoted by the Centre for Chinese and Urban Studies, leads to a long-term mutual benefit to the citizens of the two countries. The Logistics Research Centre in the School of Management and Languages is committed to working on freight distribution and research to reduce emission of carbon dioxide by increasing efficiency in transporting goods through improvement of h ighways and road systems. Proper planning which has ensured meaningful and functional facilities at all time has reinforced this. Development of research on specialized infrastructural materials which are able to detect their own state and in effect give necessary warning to avoid any likely harm to the people or negative environmental impacts. The continued research into optical fibre sensors makes it possible to for long-term structural monitoring systems, which are capable sensing any small strain over along period of time in civil engineering structures. The development of postgraduate programmes on city planning and design, transport and management when combined with the current programmes, they reinforce each other making it easier for the transfer of knowledge in offering practical solution s to the community The availability of international MSc programmes through distance learning module makes it easy to incorporate ideas from other countries affected with similar situation s Scottish University Physics Alliance (SUPA) This is an alliance, which brings together eight Scottish universities Physics. The major objectives is put physics in the forefront in the national strategy, also encourage collaboration among institutions, and promote efficiency and excellence within the discipline (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2001). In adopting a common approach in terms of staffing, training of the staff as well as issues of research and funding opportunities, the alliance brings together experienced experts as well as encourages training of upcoming scientists. The initiative has enabled Scotland to create the larges group of physics researchers in the UK (Griebenow 2006). This has also attracted funding from donors, sponsors, and stakeholders in the industrial market (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007). The alliance promotes the major themes, which are of great importance to the Scotland economy as well providing solutions to the global challenges. Such areas that provide solutions to global interests comprises of â€Å"energy, physics and life sciences, astronomy, condensed matter and materials physics, nuclear and plasma physics, photonics and particle physics† (Kishore 2007,p. 7 ). Scottish Informatics and Computer Science Alliance (SICSA) This alliance aims to expand Scotland’s research excellence in Informatics and Computer Science. The Scottish Informatics and Computer Science Alliance (SICSA) bring together researchers within computer science and informatics. The purpose of the partnership of these different fields is to merge and make stronger â€Å"Scotland’s ranking as the global researcher informatics and computer sciences key player† (Buchmann Nabhan 1996, p. 6). Reference List Abramovitz, Janet N., 2001. Unnatural disasters worldwatch paper 158. Washington: Worldwatch Institute Publishers. Adger, Neil V., 1999. Social vulnerability to climate change and extremes in coastal Vietnam. World Development Journal, vol.2, no.1, pp. 249-69. Agrawala, S., Ota, T., Ahmed, A., Smith, J., Aalst, M. 2003. Development, and climate change in Bangladesh: focus on coastal flooding and the Sundarbans. Environment Directorate and Development Co-operation Directorate Journal, vol.32, no. 2, pp.1-46. Bojà ¶, Jan M., Reddy, Ram C. 2002. Poverty reduction strategies, and environment: a review of 40 interim and poverty reduction strategy paper. Environment Department Paper Journal, vol. 86, no.1, pp.1-10. Bojà ¶, Jan M., Reddy, Ram C. 2003a. Poverty reduction strategies, and millennium development goal on environmental sustainability: opportunities for alignment. Environment Department Paper Journal, vol.92, no.1, pp.1-20. Bojà ¶, Jan M., Reddy, Ram C. 2003b. Status and evolution of environmental priorities in the poverty reduction strategies: an assessment of fifty poverty reduction Strategy papers. Environment Department Paper Journal, vol.93, no.1, pp.1-15. Bojà ¶ , Jan M., Green, Kenneth, Kishore, Sunanda, Pilapitiya, Sumith, and Reddy Ram (2004) Environment in poverty reduction strategies and poverty reduction support credits. Environment Department Paper Journal, vol.102, no. 1, pp.1-19. Bradley, R., Vuille, M., Diaz, H., Vergara, W., 2006. Threats to water supplies in the tropical Andes. Science Journal, vol. 312, no.1, pp.1755-56. Bruci, Dan V., 2004. Assessment of the expected climate change vulnerabilities in Albania. European Meteorological Society Annual Journal, vol.1, no.1, pp.1-25. Buchmann, S., Nabhan, G.,1996. The forgotten pollinator. Washington: Island Press. Dale, Virginia H., 1997. The relationship between land use change and climate Change. Ecological Applications Journal, vol. 77, no.3, pp. 753-69. Department for International Development, 2004a. The impact of climate change on the vulnerability of the poor: key sheets on climate change and poverty 3. London: London Publishers. Department for International Development, 2 004b. Climate change deepens poverty and challenges poverty reduction strategies: key sheets on climate change and poverty 1. London: London Publishers. Department for International Development, 2004c. Adaptation to climate change:making development disaster-proof: key sheets on climate change and poverty 6. London: London Publishers. Department for International Development, 2004d. Adaptation to climate change: can insurance reduce the vulnerability of the poor. Key sheets on climate change and poverty 8. London: London Publishers. Energy Sector Management Assistance Program, 2007. Millennium development goals, Ghana’s strategy for poverty reduction. National Development Planning Journal, vol.3, no. 6, pp.1-177. Esty, D., Levy, M., Kim, H., Sherbinin, A., Srebotnjak, T., Mara, V., 2008. Environmental performance index: Yale center for environmental law and policy. Yale: New Haven Publishers. Githeko, A., Lindsay, S., Confalonieri, U., Patz, J., 2000. Climate change and vec tor-borne diseases: a regional analysis. World Health Organization Environmental Journal, vol. 78, no.9, pp. 1136-47. Gornitz, Vivien M., 1995. Sea-level Rise: A review of recent past and near future Trends. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Journal, vol. 20, no.1, pp. 7-20. Griebenow, Ann G., 2006. Conflicts in the human-elephant border: studying the possible causes in the bias conservation area in Ghana. Tropical Resource Journal, vol. 25, no.1, pp. 45-49. Hannah, L., Midgley, G., 2002. Conservation of biodiversity on a changing Climate. Conservation Biology Journal, vol. 16, no.1, 264-68. Hill, J., Thomas, C., Fox, R., Telfer, M., Willis, S., Asher, J., 2002. Responses of butterflies to twentieth century climate warming: implications for future range. Royal Society B Journal, vol. 269,no.1,pp. 2163-71. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001, Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007. Climate change 2007: The physical science basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kishore, S., 2007. Mainstreaming environment in the implementation of PRSPs in Sub-Saharan Africa. Environment Department Paper Journal, vol.112, no.2.pp.1-13. Kurukulasuriya, P., Mendelsohn, R., 2006. Crop selection: adapting to climate change in Africa. CEEPA Pretoria Journal. Mani, M., Sears, A., 2006. Implementation of environment and natural resources aspects in development policy lending: first year review. Environment Department Journal, vol. 111, no.1, pp.1-10.

Easter Acrostic Poem Lesson Plan

Easter Acrostic Poem Lesson Plan Are you in need of a quick Easter activity for your students? Try having your students create an Easter acrostic poem. They are so easy to write and they can be about any subject. Grade Level: Primary and Upper GradesSubject: Language Arts Objectives/Learning Goals Practice brainstorming Easter-related wordsUse descriptive phrases and sentences to describe Easter or words related to EasterWrite an Easter acrostic poem Required Materials Pencil and paper for each student to write their poem onScrap paper for brainstorming Anticipatory Set Ask the class what they know about Easter. Write a list on the board while they are calling out answers, and offer ideas and comments as you write down the list.Brainstorm 10-15 Easter-related words and write them on the front board or overhead projector. Have the students copy these words on a scrap piece of paper or create a graphic organizer. Overview of Lesson Plan Each student is asked to write a short acrostic poem using an Easter-related word. They must create phrases and/or sentences that relate to the subject in order to complete the task. Direct Instruction Choose an Easter-related word and work together to create an acrostic poem. Choose words such as: Easter, eggs, Happy Easter, basket, bunny or Spring.Model the format of an acrostic poem on the front board. The easiest way to display this is to put the letters of the subject down the left-hand side of the page. Once this is done you can now begin to think of a sentence that describes your subject.Brainstorm sentences that would relate to the subject of the poem. Leave these ideas on the front board so the students can use them as a reference when creating a poem on their own. Guided Practice For younger students, provide a graphic organizer for brainstorming and an acrostic poem worksheet where they can fill in the blanks.For older students, you can also provide a graphic organizer for brainstorming, but then have them write their own sentences from scratch. Closure Once they have completed their poems allow time for them to illustrate a picture and then share their poems aloud with their classmates. Independent Practice For homework, have students create an acrostic poem using another Easter-related word. For extra credit or practice, they can create a poem using the letters of their name. Assessment The final piece of writing and homework assignment will be assessed by a rubric that the teacher has created. Sample Easter Acrostic Poems HAPPY EASTER H - ope is in the Spring airA - s we all come togetherP - ractice your manners for Easter dinnerP - raise your parents and the ones you loveY - es, together we love toE - at on Easter dayA -nd when you wake up onS - unday morning you can search for your Easter basket.T - o me its the best part of Easter,E - ating all of the chocolate bunnies and collecting the eggs.R - emember to get some rest for the special day! EASTER E - aster is a great time of yearA - nd every child loves to eat chocolateS - o make sure you don’t eat too muchT - ogether we can hideE - aster eggs and find themR - emember not to eat too much candy or youll get a belly ache! EGGS E - atG - ather eggsG - o to churchS - pring has sprung SPRING S -ring is a wonderful time of yearP -icture the flowers bloomingR -abbits are hoppingI -t is soN -ice and warm outsideG -rowing flowers at Easter time.